UGT (Unión General de Trabajadores) se creó en 1888 en una reunión fundacional que tuvo lugar en Barcelona convocada por centros obreros de Mataró y Barcelona y la federación de tipógrafos. Se crea un sindicato de tendencia socialista, ligado al PSOE y, de alguna manera, en contraposición a la preponderancia anarquista. A pesar de su nacimiento tuvo mucha más implantación en el País Vasco, en Asturias y Madrid donde se trasladar el comité nacional, haciendo que perdiera fuerza la sección catalana.
No es hasta los primeros años de 1900 que toma fuerza, aunque la hegemonía del sindicato anarquista lo hacía permanecer en una posición discreta. Con la CNT coincidió en las huelgas de 1916 y 1917, pero posteriormente se fue haciendo más reformista, hasta el punto que no se opuso frontalmente a la dictadura de Primo de Rivera. La dictadura de Primo de Rivera no les ilegalizar y UGT colaboró en los llamados Jurados Mixtos.
Durante la segunda República creció y se radicalizó, seguramente impulsada por la inquietud de las bases descontentas con la lentitud de las reformas que debía llevar la República. UGT, con la excepción de Valencia, fue más partidaria de la intervención estatal en materia económica que de las colectivizaciones que impulsaron los anarquistas. La influencia comunista aumentó en el seno del sindicato. Durante la clandestinidad UGT no representó nunca una fuerza considerable.
Autor:
TRANSICIÓN POLÍTICA Y MODELO SINDICAL.
El movimiento obrero y la transición española.
Josep Castells Casellas
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